It is no secret that ancient Arabic literature is an important historical document that has its basic and essential advantages. Pre-Islamic poetry was not but a true image that was carried by the Arabic society before the emergence of Islam through their poems, which recorded their wars, days, victory, and pride, as well as depicting their real lives precisely.
In addition, their poems represented a true description of everything that existed in that desert, for instance, the way the people lived with each other through conflicts and raids over bounty or water. Bani Aqeel tribe was one of those tribes that were subject to continuous invasions either by far tribes or those which were close to them in lineage. Since pre-Islamam was a true mirror that reflected the events taking place in that reality; It was necessary to highlight these two eras, and reveal the secrets of their language. Bani Aqil tribe was one of the big Arab tries in pre-Islam and during Islam. It was distinguished by the abundance of its pedigrees and its divisions. Their poetry represented an important literary repertoire of Arabic literature that provided literature and the Arabic language with its creative elements.
The thesis is divided into four chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion. Because of the large number of poets and the presence of poets’ biographies in the footnote, an appendix was given to them at end of the thesis, entitled the appendix of biographies of Bani Aqeel poets whose poems were explained in this study.
The introduction is divided into sections: the first focuses on with Bani Aqeel tribe in terms of its pedigree, houses, creed, days, and wars in pre- and Islamic periods, and the second is devoted to the concept of the language of poetry.
The first chapter deals with “words”, which include poetic vocabularies, which constitute a large occurrence in their poems, such as (words of nature, words of time, words of war and weapons, words of place, and words of religion).
The second chapter is devoted to the study of structures that formed a prominent linguistic feature in the poetry of this tribe. The chapter is divided into two sections. The first deals with statements, which include the forms of negation, condition, affirmation, fronting, and back wording).The second section deals with the constative sentence with its constructions (vocative, interrogative, order, wishing)
The third chapter deals with the poetic images of Bani Aqeel poets. It is divided into three sections, the first deals with simile, the second with metaphor and its divisions, and the third with euphemism and its divisions.
The fourth chapter comes to study rhythm. It has two sections, the first section is about (external rhythm) which includes meter and rhyme. Poetic meter and rhyme and their types are studied. The second section is entitled (internal rhythm), which included the study of various rhythmic manifestations represented in repetition, alliteration, Unnecessary Necessity, Antithesis, the fronting of Iijaz, and it is leveling of the first line part of the poem with the end in rhyme.
The conclusions came at the end and include the study’s most important findings. The study ends with an appendix of the biographies of the poets of Bani Aqeel whose names appeared among the folds of the thesis. This part is dedicated to reducing the load in the footnote because of the abundant number of poets who were dealt with in the thesis. Then comes a list of references.
The study follows the descriptive analytical approach, which is based on the investigation of the prominent linguistic phenomena in the poems of the poet Al-Aqili, analyzing them and identifying their artistic features.
The study relies on a set of literary, linguistic, rhetorical, critical, and historical sources and references. The most important of which is (the Diwan of the poets of Bani Aqeel and their poetry in pre-Islam and Islam eras until the end of the Umayyad era). These were collected and explained by Dr.Abdul Aziz bin Mohammed Al-Faisal, in addition to several other books, theses, and university works that are related to the topic of the current study (the language of poetry).
